SCROLLS: Standardized CompaRison Over Long Language Sequences
Paper • 2201.03533 • Published • 1
id stringlengths 16 17 | question stringlengths 11 205 | context stringclasses 151
values | choices sequencelengths 4 4 | label int64 0 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
52995_I3M5VUMM_1 | Why is Si retirement so significant to the Space Exploration Team? | SPACEMAN ON A SPREE
BY MACK REYNOLDS
Illustrated by Nodel
What's more important—Man's conquest
of space, or one spaceman's life?
I
They gave him a gold watch. It was meant to be symbolical, of course.
In the old tradition. It was in the way of an antique, being one of the
tim... | [
"There aren’t enough working people in the world. They won’t be able to find a replacement.",
"As one of two remaining spacemen, it would likely mean the defunding and shut down of the Space Exploration Team.",
"Training new spacemen is costly and time consuming. They won’t have anyone else ready after him.",
... | 2 |
52995_I3M5VUMM_2 | What makes Gubelin an outlier in the present day? | SPACEMAN ON A SPREE
BY MACK REYNOLDS
Illustrated by Nodel
What's more important—Man's conquest
of space, or one spaceman's life?
I
They gave him a gold watch. It was meant to be symbolical, of course.
In the old tradition. It was in the way of an antique, being one of the
tim... | [
"He is much older than the rest of the population.",
"He refuses new operations that could improve his health.",
"His mind is still active, and he values hard work.",
"He still wears glasses and value objects like the gold watch given to Si."
] | 3 |
52995_I3M5VUMM_3 | What is the main reason that Gubelin is so resentful of Si’s decision? | SPACEMAN ON A SPREE
BY MACK REYNOLDS
Illustrated by Nodel
What's more important—Man's conquest
of space, or one spaceman's life?
I
They gave him a gold watch. It was meant to be symbolical, of course.
In the old tradition. It was in the way of an antique, being one of the
tim... | [
"He doesn’t want to have to go through the effort of training a new spaceman, as it’s very costly and time consuming.",
"He regrets not having the opportunity of space exploration himself.",
"He fears the end of the Space Exploration program, and for mankind’s research of space to come to an end.",
"He hates ... | 2 |
52995_I3M5VUMM_4 | What is the main reason behind the Welfare State operating as it does? | SPACEMAN ON A SPREE
BY MACK REYNOLDS
Illustrated by Nodel
What's more important—Man's conquest
of space, or one spaceman's life?
I
They gave him a gold watch. It was meant to be symbolical, of course.
In the old tradition. It was in the way of an antique, being one of the
tim... | [
"Automation with computers has made the need to work largely obsolete.",
"The current populace is not skilled enough to work, and thus most people are a part of the Welfare State",
"The government does not want new workers, and is content supplying people with the funds they need to get through life.",
"Overt... | 0 |
52995_I3M5VUMM_5 | What happens to drafted workers? | SPACEMAN ON A SPREE
BY MACK REYNOLDS
Illustrated by Nodel
What's more important—Man's conquest
of space, or one spaceman's life?
I
They gave him a gold watch. It was meant to be symbolical, of course.
In the old tradition. It was in the way of an antique, being one of the
tim... | [
"They train and work for a time, then retire with extra funds.",
"They receive no pay, and have to undergo training and work for some time",
"They are called upon throughout their life for periods of work.",
"They work a short period of time, then return to normal life."
] | 0 |
52995_I3M5VUMM_6 | Why is Si so astonished when there is a real bartender working the bar? | SPACEMAN ON A SPREE
BY MACK REYNOLDS
Illustrated by Nodel
What's more important—Man's conquest
of space, or one spaceman's life?
I
They gave him a gold watch. It was meant to be symbolical, of course.
In the old tradition. It was in the way of an antique, being one of the
tim... | [
"He hasn’t been talking to people, and Si is caught off guard seeing someone face to face again after so long.",
"He’s never seen a bartender before, nor been in an establishment that has one.",
"He was in his thoughts considering his money, and was caught off guard.",
"He didn’t expect it. It’s a job that is... | 3 |
52995_I3M5VUMM_7 | Why does Si deliberate on how to spend his night? | "SPACEMAN ON A SPREE\n\n\n\n\n BY MACK REYNOLDS\n\n\n\n\n Illustrated by Nodel\n\n\n\n\n What'(...TRUNCATED) | ["He finally has the opportunity to let loose, and wants to revel in it.","He’s spent his money on(...TRUNCATED) | 1 |
52995_I3M5VUMM_8 | What is the “space cafard” that Si describes? | "SPACEMAN ON A SPREE\n\n\n\n\n BY MACK REYNOLDS\n\n\n\n\n Illustrated by Nodel\n\n\n\n\n What'(...TRUNCATED) | ["It’s the isolation that spacemen feel working alone in space, with only computers as company","I(...TRUNCATED) | 0 |
63477_65UJ979R_1 | What caused the error in O'Rielly's controls? | "IMAGE OF SPLENDOR\n\n\n\n\n By LU KELLA\n\n\n\n\n\n\n From Venus to Earth, and all the way bet(...TRUNCATED) | ["A control malfunctioned and reset itself.","He missed something when they were preparing.","The co(...TRUNCATED) | 3 |
63477_65UJ979R_2 | O'Rielly starts to talk about "venus dames" unprompted and acting strangely. Why? | "IMAGE OF SPLENDOR\n\n\n\n\n By LU KELLA\n\n\n\n\n\n\n From Venus to Earth, and all the way bet(...TRUNCATED) | ["He's out of sorts from working on the controls. The heat got to him.","He's had an experience with(...TRUNCATED) | 2 |
This dataset is derived from tau/scrolls dataset by running the following script:
import re
from datasets import load_dataset
def _normalize_answer(text):
return " ".join(text.split()).strip()
def _drop_duplicates_in_input(untokenized_dataset):
# from scrolls/evaluator/dataset_evaluator.py
indices_to_keep = []
id_to_idx = {}
outputs = []
for i, (id_, output) in enumerate(
zip(untokenized_dataset["id"], untokenized_dataset["output"])
):
if id_ in id_to_idx:
outputs[id_to_idx[id_]].append(output)
continue
indices_to_keep.append(i)
id_to_idx[id_] = len(outputs)
outputs.append([output])
untokenized_dataset = untokenized_dataset.select(indices_to_keep).flatten_indices()
untokenized_dataset = untokenized_dataset.remove_columns("output")
untokenized_dataset = untokenized_dataset.add_column("outputs", outputs)
return untokenized_dataset
def _process_doc_prepended_question(doc):
input = doc["input"]
split = input.find("\n\n")
return {
"id": doc["id"],
"pid": doc["pid"],
"input": input,
"outputs": doc["outputs"],
"question": input[0:split],
"text": input[split + 2 :],
}
def process_doc(doc):
quality_multiple_choice_pattern = re.compile(r" *\([A-D]\) *")
doc = _process_doc_prepended_question(doc)
split = doc["text"].find("\n\n", doc["text"].find("(D)"))
choices_text = doc["text"][:split]
doc["text"] = doc["text"][split:].strip()
doc["choices"] = [
_normalize_answer(choice)
for choice in re.split(quality_multiple_choice_pattern, choices_text)[1:]
]
doc["gold"] = doc["choices"].index(_normalize_answer(doc["outputs"][0]))
return doc
def get_quality_dataset():
"""
download and processes the quality dataset following the lm-evaluation-harness scrolls_quality task
The processed dataset has the following train & validation splits with 2523 & 2086 examples respectively.
fields to be used during evaluation:
- question: the question prompt
- text: the context
- choices: list of choices (4 in total)
- gold: index of the correct choice
"""
quality_dataset = load_dataset("tau/scrolls", "quality")
del quality_dataset["test"] # drop test split -> no ground truths
for split in quality_dataset:
quality_dataset[split] = _drop_duplicates_in_input(quality_dataset[split])
quality_dataset = quality_dataset.map(process_doc)
return quality_dataset
quality_dataset = get_quality_dataset()
quality_dataset = quality_dataset.rename_columns({"text": "context", "gold": "label"})
quality_dataset = quality_dataset.remove_columns(["pid", "input", "outputs"])
train_ds = quality_dataset["train"]
validation_ds = quality_dataset["validation"]
The processing code is adapted from lm-evaluation-harness scrolls task
Relevant sections from the SCROLLS: Standardized CompaRison Over Long Language Sequences paper
QuALITY (Pang et al., 2021): A multiplechoice question answering dataset over stories
and articles sourced from Project Gutenberg,10 the
Open American National Corpus (Fillmore et al.,
1998; Ide and Suderman, 2004), and more. Experienced writers wrote questions and distractors, and
were incentivized to write answerable, unambiguous questions such that in order to correctly answer
them, human annotators must read large portions
of the given document. To measure the difficulty
of their questions, Pang et al. conducted a speed
validation process, where another set of annotators
were asked to answer questions given only a short
period of time to skim through the document. As
a result, 50% of the questions in QuALITY are
labeled as hard, i.e. the majority of the annotators in the speed validation setting chose the wrong
answer.